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目的分析海珠区诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情的病原学特征及生蚝产品中诺如病毒携带情况。方法使用实时荧光RT-PCR检测135份诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情、食物中毒肛拭子标本和130份市场出售的生蚝产品,测序后应用基因分析软件对核酸序列进行分析。结果 135份病例肛拭子中检出诺如病毒阳性73份,病例阳性率为54.1%(73/135);130份生蚝产品中检出诺如病毒阳性20份,阳性检出率为15.4%(20/130)。经基因测序后,6条生蚝产品的自身同源性范围在98%~99%,属GⅡ-6型;采自7个流行现场的18个代表株都属于GⅡ组诺如病毒,但分别属于不同的基因型,有9株GⅡ-6型、1株GⅡ-5型、2株GⅡ-9型、6株GⅡ-17型。结论海珠区内存在诺如病毒胃肠炎,流行优势株为GⅡ组,但基因型别存在多样性;在区内出售的生蚝产品存在诺如病毒污染,基因型为GⅡ-6型。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of Norovirus gastroenteritis in Haizhu District and the presence of norovirus in oyster products. Methods Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect 135 norovirus gastroenteritis, food poisoning swabs and 130 commercially available oyster products. Sequence analysis was performed using gene analysis software to analyze the nucleic acid sequences. Results A total of 73 Norovirus positive samples were detected in 135 samples of rectal swabs, with a positive rate of 54.1% (73/135). Of the 130 oyster samples, 20 were positive for norovirus and the positive rate was 15.4% (20/130). After gene sequencing, the homology of six oyster products ranged from 98% to 99%, belonging to GⅡ-6 type. The 18 representative strains collected from seven epidemic sites belonged to GⅡ group norovirus, Different genotypes, there are 9 strains of G Ⅱ-6, 1 G Ⅱ-5, 2 G Ⅱ-9, 6 G Ⅱ-17. Conclusions Norovirus gastroenteritis is present in Haizhu District. The predominant strain is GⅡ, but the genotypes are diversified. Noroviruses are present in oyster products sold in the area, and the genotype is GⅡ-6.