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公路路堑边坡一般在路基修筑阶段通过削坡而形成,在削坡2年后才进行绿化,这期间由于土壤风化和气候条件的作用,边坡原来土壤的养分状况发生了较大的变化,土壤养分状况差异更大。本文选择黄土地区施工期削坡2年后的高速公路边坡为研究对象,分别以5种不同土质边坡为研究对象,采集表层20cm的土壤,进行了有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效态微量元素(Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn)养分指标的分析,结果表明:不同土质各项养分指标,除全氮含量外,均低于全国第二次土壤普查养分分级标准低等级的下限值,养分状况整体较差;采用主成分分析方法结合模糊数学评价方法,建立了土壤养分评价模型和土壤质量综合评价模型,得出在试验区域的5种土质中,湿陷性黄土和膨胀土的土壤质量综合评价指数较高,养分状况较好,达到0.70,细粉砂状土较低,为0.58。
Road cutting slopes are generally formed by cutting slopes during subgrade construction and are not landscaped after 2 years of slope cutting. During this period, due to the effects of soil weathering and climatic conditions, the nutrient status of the original soil in the slope changed greatly, Soil nutrient status differences are even greater. In this paper, two years after the slope cut in the loess area during the construction period was selected as the research object. Five different soil slopes were selected as the research object. The soil with the surface layer of 20 cm was collected and the organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium , And available trace elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn). The results showed that all the nutrients of different soil types except for total nitrogen content were lower than those of the second national soil nutrient classification standard The lower limit and the overall condition of nutrients were poor. Based on the principal component analysis method and the fuzzy mathematics evaluation method, the soil nutrient evaluation model and the comprehensive evaluation model of soil quality were established. Among the five soil types in the test area, The comprehensive evaluation index of soil quality of expansive soil is higher, the nutrient status is better, reaching 0.70, and the fine silty sandy soil is low, 0.58.