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不论英美法系国家和地区的民事诉讼规则,还是大陆法系国家和地区的民事诉讼法,都规定当事人以实名的方式进行诉讼。不过,崇尚实践理性的英美法系国家的法官,基于案件的实际情况有时许可当事人以匿名的方式进行诉讼。我国现行《民事诉讼法》有关起诉条件中应记明当事人姓名的规定已不能适应实践的需要。民事诉讼法应该规定当事人具有匿名诉讼的权利,法院应该按照一定的程序规则,在当事人匿名和公开其姓名之间权衡利弊以决定是否同意当事人的匿名诉讼申请。
Both civil and civil law countries and regions of the common law rules, civil law countries and regions in the civil law system, require the parties to conduct litigation in the form of real name. However, judges in Anglo-American countries who advocate practical reason sometimes allow litigants anonymously based on the actual circumstances of the case. China’s current “Code of Civil Procedure,” the provisions of the prosecution conditions should be recorded in the name of the parties can no longer meet the needs of practice. The civil procedural law should provide the parties with the right to anonymous proceedings. The court should weigh the advantages and disadvantages between the parties ’anonymity and publicity according to certain procedural rules to decide whether to approve the parties’ anonymous proceedings.