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目的了解固体废物处理人员的健康状况,并提出针对性的防护建议。方法对深圳市某开展固体废物回收处理公司的410名接触有毒有害因素的人员进行职业健康检查,并对结果进行综合分析。结果 410人中共检出职业禁忌证5人,检出率为1.22%;疑似职业病2人,检出率为0.49%,与目标疾病无关的其他疾病或异常395人,检出率为96.34%。主要检出异常项目为口腔科常规、纯音听阈测试(固体废物处理人员的健康状况不容乐观,肺通气功能减退、肝功能异常、脂肪肝、口腔疾病等病症或异常的检出率较高,纯音听阈测试结果异常率高达76.77%)、血脂4项、血常规、肺功能等;主要检出的病症或异常有肺通气功能轻度减退、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)偏高、脂肪肝、牙结石、胆红素偏高等。结论作业人员应加强对职业病危害因素的劳动防护,定期进行在岗期间职业健康检查。管理者应改善作业环境,加强对工人的职业卫生培训、职业健康监护档案管理和健康教育。
Objective To understand the health status of solid waste disposal workers and put forward some suggestions on protection. Methods An occupational health examination was conducted on 410 workers exposed to toxic and harmful factors in a solid waste recycling company in Shenzhen, and the results were analyzed comprehensively. Results Among the 410 people, 5 were detected as contraindications of occupational diseases, with a detection rate of 1.22%. Two people were suspected as occupational diseases with a detection rate of 0.49%. Other diseases or abnormalities unrelated to the target disease were 395 with a detection rate of 96.34%. The main abnormalities were oral routine test and pure tone hearing threshold test (the health status of the solid waste treatment workers was not optimistic, the pulmonary hypogonadism, liver dysfunction, fatty liver, oral diseases and other diseases or abnormal detection rate were higher, pure tone Hearing loss threshold test results abnormal rate as high as 76.77%), 4 lipids, blood, lung function, etc .; the main symptoms or abnormalities were mildly decreased lung function, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), fatty liver , Dental calculus, bilirubin higher. Conclusion Operators should strengthen labor protection against occupational hazards and regularly conduct occupational health check-ups during their posts. Managers should improve the operating environment, strengthen occupational health training of workers, occupational health monitoring file management and health education.