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目的分析四川省疟疾流行态势与消除疟疾工作进展情况。方法对全省疟疾发病与流行态势进行描述性研究。结果 1950-2012年四川省疟疾发病人数由最高时的58多万下降到近年的100余人,下降达99.98%以上,已连续19年年发病率控制在1/万以下;自2011年及以后全省本地疟疾病例报告均为0,即输入病例占总病例的100%;输入病例散在分布,全年均有发病,无明显季节分布;人群感染以男性为主(男:女=26.5:1);职业以农民及农民工和工人为多(占72.25%);年龄集中在青壮年(20~59岁)占95.15%;输入病例中,恶性疟占输入总病例的57.42%,主要输入地为非洲和东南亚。结论四川省疟疾发病大幅度下降,疟防进程已由控制阶段走向消除阶段。在此基础上,应进一步加强疟疾监测和流动人员管理,加快消除疟疾工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of malaria in Sichuan Province and the progress of eliminating malaria. Methods A descriptive study was conducted on the incidence and prevalence of malaria in the province. Results The number of malaria cases in Sichuan Province dropped from more than 580,000 in the period from 1950 to 2012 to more than 100 in recent years, dropping more than 99.98%. The incidence of malaria in Sichuan Province has been controlled below 1 in 10,000 for 19 consecutive years. From 2011 to the later The provincial cases of local malaria were reported as 0, ie, 100% of the total cases were imported. The imported cases were scattered and distributed throughout the year with no obvious seasonal distribution. The majority of the cases were male (26.5: 1) (72.25%). 95.7% of young adults (20-59 years) were young and middle-aged. In the input cases, falciparum malaria accounted for 57.42% of the total cases and the main import was Africa and Southeast Asia. Conclusion The incidence of malaria in Sichuan Province dropped significantly, and the malaria prevention process has moved from the control phase to the elimination phase. On this basis, we should further strengthen the monitoring of malaria and the management of floating people so as to speed up the elimination of malaria.