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由于费用上涨和金属价格较低,安大略省若干贱金属硫化矿矿山已改用垂直漏斗后退式(VCR)采矿法。该法是一种大量采矿法,利用大直径炮孔和遥控爆破使炮孔底部爆成漏斗,自下往上分层开采。出矿方法要作相应改变,以便应付大幅度提高的劳动生产率。本文以几个生产矿山为例,综述萨德伯里地区的VCR采矿法。文章回顾了VCR的历史,用于VCR法布置的各种方法,介绍钻凿大直径炮孔所用的潜孔钻机的发展情况、为实现漏斗爆破所用的装药和爆破方法、地层支护方法(包括充填)以及目前使用的出矿设备(包括遥控铲运机和连续装载机)。 VCR采矿法的安全问题至关重要,是安大略省质询的焦点。通过分析矿山和省的有关机构保存的各种记录表明,安全有了改进,取得了明显效果. 文章展望了今后趋势,特别是与深部开采有关的问题,对某些有实际应用价值的实验作了介绍。
Several base-metal sulphide mines in Ontario have switched to Vertical Funnel Back-In (VCR) mining because of rising costs and lower metal prices. The law is a large mining method, the use of large-diameter blasthole blasting and remote blasting the bottom of the blasting funnel, stratified mining from bottom to top. The mine-out method has to be changed accordingly in order to deal with substantially increased labor productivity. Taking several production mines as an example, this article reviews the VCR Mining Law in Sudbury. The article reviews the history of VCRs, various methods for VCR deployment, describes the development of DTH drilling rigs used to drill large boreholes, methods of charge and blasting for funnel blasting, Including filling) as well as the currently used mining equipment (including remotely controlled scrapers and continuous loaders). The safety of the VCR mining law is of paramount importance and is the focus of the Ontario question. Through the analysis of various records kept by mines and relevant agencies in the province, the safety has been improved and remarkable results have been achieved. The article looks forward to the future trends, especially those related to deep mining. Some experiments with practical application value Introduced.