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目的研究头孢克肟对小儿常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性,为儿科用药提供依据。方法E-test法测定头孢克肟对流感嗜血杆菌(HI)等5种共200株细菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),并分别与氨苄西林、头孢克洛、青霉素等作对比研究。结果头孢克肟和头孢克洛对不产β内酰胺酶的HI均敏感,但对产β内酰胺酶HI,氨苄西林100%耐药,头孢克洛敏感率70%,而头孢克肟依然100%敏感。对产β内酰胺酶的卡他莫拉菌(MC)以及不产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的大肠埃希菌(E.coli)、肺炎克雷伯菌(K.pn),头孢克肟抗菌活性均优于氨苄西林和头孢克洛。对青霉素敏感的肺炎链球菌(PSSP)和部分中介的肺炎链球菌(PISP),头孢克肟也有良好的抗菌活性。结论头孢克肟对HI、MC、ESBLs(-)K.pn、ESBLs(-)E.coli、PSSP和部分PISP均有强大的体外抗菌活性。
Objective To study the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefixime against common pathogens in children and provide the basis for pediatric drug use. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cefixime against five strains of Haemophilus influenzae (HI), including 200 strains, was determined by E-test. The MICs of cefixime, ampicillin, cefaclor and penicillin were compared. Results Both cefixime and cefaclor were sensitive to HI with no beta-lactamase, but were 100% resistant to beta-lactamase HI and ampicillin with a sensitivity of 70% for cefaclor while cefixime was still 100 %sensitive. For M. catarrhalis (MC) producing beta-lactamase and E. coli, K.pn producing no extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) Cefixime antibacterial activity are better than ampicillin and cefaclor. Penicillin-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae (PSSP) and partially mediated by Streptococcus pneumoniae (PISP), cefixime also have good antibacterial activity. Conclusion Cefixime has strong in vitro antibacterial activity against HI, MC, ESBLs (-) K. pn, ESBLs (-) E. coli, PSSP and some PISP.