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本文通过考查初中级中文学习者推测双音复合性生词词义的过程,研究学习者的语素意识。实验证明,影响初中级学习者猜词结果的最主要因素是复合词本身的语义透明程度。初级和中级学习者都已经发展出了一定的语素意识,并能使用语素加合策略推断生词词义。不过,语言水平不同的学习者在猜测不同语义透明度生词词义时的表现不尽相同。这一实验对中文教学的启示是:要区别对待高语义透明度词和低语义透明度词,初级词汇教学应以整词为主,而中级词汇教学应加强对语素义的“点拨”。
This article examines the learners’ morpheme awareness by examining the process by which junior and middle-level Chinese learners speculate on the semantic meaning of dual-tone compound words. Experiments show that the most important factor that affects the result of junior middle school learners’ guessing is the semantic transparency of compound words themselves. Both beginner and intermediate learners have developed a certain amount of morpheme awareness and can use morpheme summing strategies to infer the meaning of new words. However, learners with different levels of language perform differently when guessing the meaning of different semantic transparency. The enlightenment of this experiment on Chinese teaching is that to treat high semantic transparency words and low semantic transparency words differently, primary vocabulary teaching should be based on whole words while intermediate vocabulary teaching should be strengthened.