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[目的]研究偏凸-柱穗山羊草双二倍体与普通小麦杂种F1的染色体配对特点。[方法]利用压片法对普通小麦烟农15、SDAU18及其杂种F1的小孢子发生和花粉发育过程进行了细胞学观察。[结果]两亲本(烟农15和SDAU18)的小孢子发生和花粉发育基本正常,二者结实率也基本正常。F1小孢子发生过程紊乱,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I出现较高频率的单价体和二价体,分别为10.11和18.29个,而多价体出现的频率非常低;减数分裂后期I,每个细胞落后染色体平均为5条;四分体期,每个四分体微核数平均为4.43个。在杂种F1花粉发育的每个时期都产生了不同频率的败育花粉,但败育主要发生在第1次孢子有丝分裂以后。在三细胞成熟花粉期,杂种F1可育花粉仅有31%。[结论]为深入分析和利用该双二倍体提供了细胞遗传学依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the chromosome pairing characteristic between the hybrid diploid and the common wheat hybrid F1 of partial convex-column ear Aegilops sinensis. [Method] The microspore and pollen development of common wheat “Yannong 15”, “SDAU 18” and their hybrid F1 were observed by using the tabletting method. [Result] The microsporogenesis and pollen development of two parents (Yannong 15 and SDAU18) were basically normal, and the seed setting rate of both parents was basically normal. F1 microspore process was disrupted, the meiotic metapopulation of pollen mother cells appeared higher frequency of monovalent and bivalent body, respectively, 10.11 and 18.29, while the occurrence of polyvalent body frequency is very low; meiosis late I, The average number of chromosomes behind each cell is 5; in the quaternary period, the average number of micronuclei per tetrad is 4.43. Abortion pollens of different frequencies were produced at each stage of hybrid F1 pollen development, but abortion mainly occurred after the first sporulation. In the three-cell mature pollen stage, hybrid F1 fertile pollen only 31%. [Conclusion] The cytogenetics was provided for in-depth analysis and utilization of the diploid.