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目的了解万源市首起甲型H1N1流感暴发病例的流行病学特征,为今后控制类似事件提供科学依据和参考。方法用描述性流行病学方法对万源市首起甲型H1N1流感暴发病例的年龄、性别、发病前7 d暴露史、主要症状、病程等特征进行分析。结果疫情发生在万源市第三中学,共发生145例流感样病例,罹患率2.6%;144例为在校学生,1例教师,最小年龄13岁,最大年龄38岁,男75例,女70例,男女之比为1.07∶1。其中,确诊病例19例,年龄14~20岁,男14例,女5例;疑似病例126例,男61例,女65例。初中发病14例,占发病人数的9.66%;高中发病131例,占发病人数的90.34%;住校生107人,占发病人数的73.79%;走读生发病38人,占发病人数的26.21%。从9月6日开始发病至12日达到高峰,17日结束。首批病例无明显的甲型H1N1流感病例接触史,均无流感疫苗接种史。结论此次万源市甲型H1N1流感疫情在中学暴发,高中生发病数高于初中生,住校生发病高于走读生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of the first outbreak of swine influenza virus (H1N1) in Wanyuan City and to provide a scientific basis and reference for the control of similar events in the future. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the age, sex, exposure history, symptoms and course of the first outbreak of H1N1 influenza in Wanyuan City. Results The outbreak occurred in Wanyuan Third Middle School, a total of 145 cases of influenza-like illness, the attack rate of 2.6%; 144 cases of school students, 1 teacher, the youngest age of 13 years, the maximum age of 38 years, 75 males and females 70 cases, male to female ratio of 1.07: 1. Among them, 19 confirmed cases, aged 14 to 20 years old, 14 males and 5 females; 126 suspected cases, 61 males and 65 females. The incidence of junior high school in 14 cases, accounting for 9.66% of the number of cases; high school incidence of 131 cases, accounting for 90.34% of the number of incidence; 107 live-school students, accounting for 73.79% of the number of sickness, 38 were students, accounting for 26.21% of the number of patients. From the onset on September 6 to the peak on the 12th, the end of the 17th. In the first case, there was no history of exposure to influenza A (H1N1) cases and no history of influenza vaccination. Conclusion The epidemic situation of Influenza A (H1N1) virus in Wanyuan City was outbreak in middle school. The incidence of high school students was higher than that of junior high school students. The incidence of resident school students was higher than that of day students.