论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2011-2013年怀柔区病毒性腹泻病原学监测结果和流行特征,为其防治提供科学依据。方法以2011年4月-2013年3月怀柔区两个哨点医院散发性腹泻病例为监测对象,采用酶免疫法(ELISA)检测腹泻患者粪便中轮状病毒,分子生物学检测方法检测杯状病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒。结果共检测262份粪便标本,共检出阳性标本89例,总阳性率为34%。四种病毒阳性检出率顺序依次为杯状病毒(18.3%)、轮状病毒(13.4%)、星状病毒(2.7%)和肠道腺病毒(2.3%)。男性146例,女性116例,年龄最小为1月龄,最大为87岁,各年龄组阳性检出率差异无统计学意义。杯状病毒全年均有发病,高峰在10-12月份,轮状病毒高峰在12月份至次年2月份,肠道腺病毒和星状病毒以低流行散发为主。结论怀柔地区近两年散发病毒性腹泻患者杯状病毒和轮状病毒感染率较高,流行季节主要在冬春季。
Objective To understand the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in Huairou District from 2011 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods From April 2011 to March 2013, two cases of sporadic diarrhea in Huishe Hospital of Huairou District were monitored. Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) was used to detect rotavirus in the stool of patients with diarrhea. Molecular biology was used to detect the cup Viruses, astroviruses and enteric adenoviruses. Results A total of 262 stool specimens were detected. A total of 89 positive specimens were detected, the total positive rate was 34%. The positive rates of the four viruses were as follows: calicivirus (18.3%), rotavirus (13.4%), astrovirus (2.7%) and enteric adenovirus (2.3%). There were 146 males and 116 females, the youngest was 1 month old and the oldest was 87 years old. There was no significant difference in the positive detection rates among all age groups. The incidence of calicivirus all year round, the peak in the 10-12 months, the peak rotavirus in December to February next year, intestinal adenovirus and astrovirus are mainly distributed in the low prevalence. Conclusions The prevalence of calicivirus and rotavirus is high in patients with viral diarrhea in recent two years in Huairou. The epidemic season is mainly in winter and spring.