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为了选育硬粉果型番茄新品种,研究硬粉果番茄硬度遗传规律问题,选取硬粉果骨干亲本材料母本P27、父本P31及配置的F_1组合15#为试材,利用质构仪研究果实硬度变化及遗传特性。结果表明,同一果实横向硬度最低,纵向硬度次之,果肩硬度最高。中青果期果实的平均硬度较高,转色期和红熟期硬度下降明显加快;P27、P31、F_1组合15#红熟果平均硬度分别为13.27、10.88、12.28 N;红果期与青果期果实硬度极显著正相关;F_1组合15#红熟果的果形指数为0.87,果实圆形,果皮厚度0.7~0.8 cm,5~6个心室,单果重258 g,是硬粉果番茄选育的理想品种。番茄果实硬度与果实大小、果皮厚度、心室数、单果重没有必然的联系,果形指数可作为番茄硬度的间接选择指标。
In order to breed new varieties of hard-fruit tomato and to study the genetic law of hardness of hard tomato, we selected female parent P27, male parent P31 and F_1 combination 15 # as experimental materials, Study of fruit firmness changes and genetic characteristics. The results showed that the same fruit lateral minimum hardness, followed by the longitudinal hardness, shoulder hardness highest. The average hardness of fruit in middle and young fruit period was higher, and the hardness decrease in turn and red ripening stage was accelerated obviously. The average hardness of 15 # red ripe fruit in P27, P31 and F_1 was 13.27,10.88,12.28 N respectively. Hardness was significantly and positively correlated. Fruit shape index of F # 15 # red ripe fruit was 0.87. The fruit had a round shape with 0.7-0.8 cm pericarp and 5-6 ventricles with a single fruit weight of 258 g. Ideal species. Tomato fruit firmness and fruit size, pericarp thickness, ventricular number, fruit weight is not necessarily linked, fruit shape index can be used as an indirect indicator of tomato hardness.