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随着社会、科学技术和医学本身的发展,绝大多数传染病、寄生虫病和营养缺乏症得到控制,但是由于心理因素和社会因素导致的疾患日益居于首要地位,因此护理人员从单纯的生物医学模式转变为生物-心理-社会医学模式中来。人的心理因素与全身生理活动有密切的联系,情绪能影响免疫功能,如恐惧、紧张可使机体的“免疫监视”作用减弱,反之,良好的心理因素具有治疗价值。因此从整体上看待病人是护理工作的基本出发点;重视对病人心理的研究,做好心理护理是提高护理质量的重要环节。
With the development of the society, science and technology and medicine itself, the overwhelming majority of infectious diseases, parasitic diseases and nutritional deficiencies are controlled. However, due to the increasingly predominant diseases caused by psychological and social factors, nurses from simple organisms Medical model into a biological - psychological - social medical model. Human psychological factors and systemic physical activity are closely linked to the emotional effects of immune function, such as fear, stress can make the body “immune surveillance ” effect weakened, on the contrary, good psychological factors have therapeutic value. Therefore, the overall view of the patient is the basic starting point for nursing; attention to the patient’s psychological research, good psychological care is an important part of improving the quality of care.