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谈前苏联经济发展的教训,人们通常只是讨论前苏联改革为什么失败的问题,而没有涉及到前苏联为什么要改革的问题。前苏联既然已经实现了工业化,成了世界第二号超级大国,为什么还要改革呢?前苏联长期形成“畸形的三位一体的增长机制”──即高度集中的计划经济+官僚主义+掠夺性石油输出。这种机制成就了前苏联,也陷前苏联于衰败之境。该机制致命的弱点是,排斥市场的活力和抑制人的积极性。前苏联瓦解,只是一种错误的社会主义发展模式的失败。
On the lessons of the former Soviet Union’s economic development, people usually only discuss the reasons for the failure of the former Soviet Union’s reforms, but not the reasons why the former Soviet Union needed reforms. Since the former Soviet Union has achieved industrialization and has become the world’s second-largest superpower, why reform? For a long time, the former Soviet Union had formed the “trinity-shaped growth mechanism” ─ ─ a highly centralized planned economy + bureaucracy + predatory oil exports. This mechanism has made the former Soviet Union, but also the former Soviet Union fell into decline. The fatal weakness of the mechanism is the exclusion of the vitality of the market and the inhibition of human enthusiasm. The collapse of the former Soviet Union was only a failure of a wrong socialist development model.