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根据野外采样分析、调查及田间试验结果，讨论了红壤区土壤有机质含量的变异规律及影响因素，分析了红壤有机碳的循环和平衡状况，初步探讨了红壤有机质含量变化及其与土壤肥力退化的关系，并根据红壤区有机物质资源特点提出合理利用的途径和措施。红壤区农田土壤有机质的平均含量低于东北黑土平原区、长江中下游平原区和珠江三角洲平原区，而高于黄淮海平原区以及黄土高原区；包括自然因素和人为因素所造成输入土壤的有机物质量的差异，是红壤有机质含量变化的主要原因。红壤中有机物料的腐殖化系数在０．１５～０．５５之间，物料的化学组成、土壤质地、土壤酸度、土地利用方式、原土有机质含量等是影响腐殖化系数的重要因素，瘠薄红壤中有机物料的腐殖化系数比一般红壤中要高４１％；红壤水田有机碳的年矿化率为２．４％～３．２％，有机碳含量越高，矿化率越大；总的来说，红壤耕地，特别是低产水田和旱地的有机碳库处于亏缺状态。退化红壤的有机碳含量大多＜８．７ｇ／ｋｇ，全剖面有机碳储量仅为熟化旱地红壤的４０％左右；其腐殖质组成中ＨＡ／ＦＡ比值较小，胡敏酸的Ｅ４值也较小；退化红壤不仅有机碳含量低，有机碳的循环水平也较低，并且呈现输入量小于分解输出量的特点；由于水土流失，每年?
Based on field sampling, field investigation and field investigation, the variation of soil organic matter and its influencing factors were discussed. The cycling and balance of organic carbon in red soil were analyzed. The changes of organic matter in red soil and its relationship with the decline of soil fertility And according to the characteristics of organic matter resources in red soil area, put forward the ways and measures for rational utilization. The average content of soil organic matter in red soil area was lower than that in the northeast black soil plain, the middle and lower Yangtze River plain and the Pearl River Delta plain, but higher than the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the Loess Plateau. Organic matter input into the soil, including natural and man- The difference in quality is the main reason for the change of organic matter content in red soil. The humification coefficient of organic materials in red soil range from 0.15 to 0.55. The chemical composition, soil texture, soil acidity, land use and soil organic matter content of the soil are important factors affecting the humification coefficient. The humification coefficient of organic materials in infertile red soils is 41% higher than that of red soils. The annual mineralization rate of organic carbon in red soils ranges from 2.4% to 3.2%. The higher the organic carbon content, the higher the mineralization rate In general, the red soil arable land, especially in low-yield paddy fields and drylands, is in a deficit state. The content of organic carbon in the degraded red soil was mostly <8.7g / kg, and the total organic carbon storage in the whole section was only about 40% of the red soil in the dryland. The HA / FA ratio of the humus composition was smaller and the humic acid E4 value was smaller. Degraded red soil is not only low in organic carbon content but also low in the cycling of organic carbon, and the input is less than the decomposition output; due to soil erosion,