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目的分析中缅边境德宏州疟疾流行病学特征的变化趋势,为消除疟疾提供科学依据。方法从疾病监测报告管理系统导出德宏州2010-2016年疟疾个案资料,采用描述流行病学方法对资料进行统计分析。结果德宏州2010-2016年报告疟疾病例3 020例,年均发病率34.53/10万,与2000年前的年均发病率相比下降了96.96%。不同地区、不同年份发病率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=483.33,P<0.01)。病例散在分布,以境外输入为主,占87.72%;2016年仅盈江县发生1例本地感染病例;病型以间日疟为主,占71.39%;发病以20~50岁组男性农民为主;流行季节以5~6月为高峰。结论中缅边境地区德宏州疟疾疫情得到了稳定控制,实现了消除疟疾的中期目标,监测和控制输入性疟疾是实现消除疟疾终期目标的重要策略。
Objective To analyze the changing trend of malaria epidemiological characteristics in Dehong Prefecture between China and Myanmar and provide a scientific basis for the elimination of malaria. Methods The data of malaria cases in Dehong Prefecture from 2010 to 2016 were derived from the disease surveillance report management system, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results In 2010-2016, Dehong Prefecture reported 3 020 malaria cases, with an average annual incidence of 34.53 / 100 000, a decrease of 96.96% from the annual average incidence of 2000 years ago. The incidence of different regions and different years were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 483.33, P <0.01). The cases were scattered and mainly imported, accounting for 87.72%; only one case of local infection was found in Yingjiang County in 2016; the predominant type was Plasmodium vivax, accounting for 71.39%; the incidence of male farmers in the age group of 20 ~ 50 was Lord; popular season in May to June as the peak. Conclusion The malaria epidemic in Dehong Prefecture of China-Myanmar border area has been steadily controlled and the medium-term goal of malaria elimination has been achieved. Monitoring and control of imported malaria is an important strategy to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria in the end.