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以聚丙烯酰胺为代表的水溶性高聚物是从天然的多聚葡萄糖类聚合物发展而来的一类亲水憎油的高分子表而活性剂。它的分子式为:(?),分子量M>10~6,因分子中含有一CONH_2这样的强极性键,所以具有亲水憎油的表面活性,易溶于水,不溶于油。这类高聚物被广泛地用作造纸工业的助剂、污水处理的絮凝剂、二次、三次注水采油的驱油剂、油井酸化的添加剂及化学泥浆等。近年来,苏联等国科学工作者将这类聚合物应用到管道输油的顺序输送、清蜡、防结蜡等方面,取得了很大的成功。目前,有关这类聚合物的研究工作十分活跃,发展了许多聚丙烯酰胺的衍生物,如烷氧基
Water-soluble polymers represented by polyacrylamide are a kind of hydrophilic and oleophobic polymer surfactants that are derived from natural polymers of polyglucose. Its molecular formula is: (?), Molecular weight M> 10 ~ 6, because the molecule contains a CONH_2 such a strong polar bond, it has a hydrophilic hydrophobic surface, soluble in water, insoluble in oil. Such polymers are widely used as a paper industry additives, sewage treatment flocculant, secondary and tertiary flooding oil displacement agent, well acidification additives and chemical slurries. In recent years, scientists from the Soviet Union and other countries have made great success in applying such polymers to pipeline transportation, wax removal and wax prevention. At present, the research work on these polymers is very active, and many polyacrylamide derivatives have been developed, such as alkoxy