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目的了解盘锦地区腹泻患者中食源性病原菌发病特征和流行病学特征,为制定食源性腹泻预防对策与措施提供科学依据。方法 2016年在盘锦14家哨点医院肠道门诊开展监测采样工作,收集1 476例感染性腹泻患者的粪便标本,采用实时荧光PCR方法进行检测,并进行病原统计分析。结果 1 476例感染性腹泻患者,任一食源性致病菌检出532例,检出率为36.04%,副溶血性弧菌检出率最高,为496株(93.23%)。感染任一病毒219例,感染率为14.84%,其中诺如病毒166株(75.80%),轮状病毒53株(24.20%)。7月-9月细菌阳性率较高,1月-3月和11月-12月病毒性腹泻检出率较高。感染性腹泻以儿童和青壮年发病率较高,以待业人员居多,占33%。结论盘锦市感染性腹泻以细菌感染为主,但病毒感染率也较高,二者高发季节不同。副溶血性弧菌是细菌性腹泻的主要食源性致病菌,病毒性腹泻则以诺如病毒和轮状病毒感染为主。
Objective To understand the pathogenesis and epidemiological characteristics of food-borne pathogens in patients with diarrhea in Panjin area, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention measures and measures of food-borne diarrhea. Methods In 2016, 14 cases of sentinel hospitals in Panjin were monitored for sampling. Stool samples from 1 476 patients with infectious diarrhea were collected and detected by real-time fluorescence PCR. Pathogenicity was analyzed. Results Among 4776 patients with infectious diarrhea, 532 foodborne pathogens were detected, the detection rate was 36.04%. The highest detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was 496 (93.23%). Infection with 219 cases of any virus, the infection rate was 14.84%, including 166 norovirus norovirus (75.80%), rotavirus 53 (24.20%). From July to September, the positive rate of bacteria was high, and the detection rate of viral diarrhea was higher in January-March and November-December. Infectious diarrhea has a high prevalence in children and young adults, with a majority of unemployed persons, accounting for 33%. Conclusions Infection of infectious diarrhea in Panjin City is mainly bacterial infection, but the virus infection rate is also high, and the incidence of both is different. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the main food-borne pathogen of bacterial diarrhea, whereas viral diarrhea is dominated by norovirus and rotavirus.