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目的研究Ｐ２１、Ｐ５３基因在直肠癌组织中的表达情况与直肠癌病理特征的关系及其在预后判定方面的意义。方法采用ＳＰ免疫组化法对１１０例手术后石蜡包埋标本行Ｐ２１、Ｐ５３基因表达检测，同时选用正常组织为实验对照。结果直肠癌组织Ｐ２１、Ｐ５３基因表达阳性率分别为５４５％、４２７％；Ｐ５３组织表达情况与临床病理因素无相关性；Ｐ２１表达阳性病例３、５年生存率降低，组织分化差，淋巴转移率增高（Ｐ＜００５％）。结论Ｐ５３基因与直肠癌形成密切相关，与直肠癌预后未见相关性。Ｐ２１基因表达情况可能成为直肠癌的预后指标。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of P21 and P53 genes in rectal cancer and the pathological features of rectal cancer and its significance in prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of P21 and P53 genes in 110 paraffin-embedded specimens. Normal tissue was used as experimental control. Results The positive rates of P21 and P53 expression in rectal cancer tissues were 54.5% and 42.7%, respectively. There was no correlation between P53 tissue expression and clinicopathological factors. The 3-year and 5-year survival rates of P21-positive cases were decreased, and the tissue differentiation was poor. The lymphatic metastasis rate increased (P<005%). Conclusion The P53 gene is closely related to the formation of rectal cancer and has no correlation with the prognosis of rectal cancer. P21 gene expression may be a prognostic indicator of rectal cancer.