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采用田间试验和生物测定方法,研究了人工合成的万寿菊精油杀菌素对西瓜枯萎病菌和西瓜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:0.5μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素24、48、72、144 h的抑制率分别为100%、76.7%、59.9%、56.8%;当浓度大于1.5μg/mL时抑制率达100%;10μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素处理西瓜幼苗的致萎指数得到显著降低,差异达显著水平(P<0.05);20μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素处理的西瓜枯萎病菌,大分子量的蛋白含量增多,小分子量的蛋白含量减少,但过氧化物酶的条带数没有变化;50μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素处理的西瓜苗叶片中3d后MDA含量减少差异显著(P<0.05),4d后过氧化物酶活性逐渐升高差异达显著水平(P<0.05),5d后差异极显著(P<0.01)。含药培养基上生长的西瓜枯萎病菌的果胶酶活性降低,呼吸强度明显提高,细胞膜通透性增大,几丁质酶活性稍高于对照。此杀菌素可用以预防和控制西瓜枯萎病,为西瓜枯萎病的综合防治提供一种新的方法和途径。
Field experiments and bioassay methods were used to study the effects of marigold oil on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and watermelon seedlings. The results showed that the inhibitory rates were 100%, 76.7%, 59.9% and 56.8% at 24, 48, 72 and 144 h after treated with 0.5 μg / mL marigold oil. When the concentration was above 1.5 μg / mL, the inhibitory rates were 100% (P <0.05); the wilt index of watermelon seedlings treated with 10μg / mL marigold oil significantly decreased (P <0.05); the content of large molecular weight protein of Fusarium oxysporum f. , The content of small molecular weight protein decreased, but the number of peroxidase bands did not change; 50μg / mL marigold oleanolic acid treatment of watermelon seedlings in the MDA content decreased significantly after 3d (P <0.05), after 4d The activity of oxidase increased gradually (P <0.05), and the difference was significant after 5 days (P <0.01). The growth of watermelon Fusarium wilt bacteria on the drug-containing medium reduced the pectinase activity, respiration intensity was significantly increased, cell membrane permeability increased, chitinase activity slightly higher than the control. This bactericide can be used to prevent and control watermelon wilt and provide a new method and method for the comprehensive prevention and control of watermelon wilt.