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目的对阳春市首起登革热暴发疫情进行调查分析,为有效控制登革热疫情提供依据。方法采用流行病学调查方法对疫情数据、蚊媒调查资料以及可能传播来源等进行分析。结果 2014年9月5日-10月3日,阳春市春城街道发生1起登革热暴发疫情,共报告病例19例,其中本地感染病例16例,输入性病例3例,病例均为轻症,无重症死亡病例。疫情主要集中在春城街道东门居委会,共报告7例,占36.84%;男女性别比0.73∶1;年龄最大的77岁,最小的6岁,以50岁以上中老年人居多,占47.37%。疫情发生时反映蚊媒密度的布雷图指数最高达56.41,发生登革热传播的风险极高,经采取各项综合防治措施,蚊媒密度快速下降,疫情得到控制。结论症状不典型的输入性病例容易引起本地登革热疫情,人员的流动性易造成疫情的扩散,快速杀灭成蚊、清除蚊虫孳生地并将布雷图指数控制在5以下可以有效控制疫情。
Objective To investigate and analyze the first outbreak of Dengue outbreak in Yangchun and provide evidence for controlling the epidemic of Dengue. Methods Epidemiological survey methods were used to analyze the outbreak data, mosquito vectors survey data and possible sources of transmission. Results From September 5 to October 3, 2014, one outbreak of Dengue Fever occurred in Chuncheng Subdistrict, Yangchun City. A total of 19 cases were reported, including 16 cases of local infection and 3 cases of imported cases. All cases were mild and no Severe deaths. The outbreak mainly concentrated in East Gate neighborhood of Chuncheng Street, a total of 7 cases were reported, accounting for 36.84%; the male-female ratio was 0.73:1; the oldest was 77 years old and the youngest was 6 years old, accounting for 47.37% of all people aged over 50 years old. The Bretti’s index, which reflects mosquito density at the time of the outbreak, reached a maximum of 56.41. The risk of dengue spread was extremely high. After various comprehensive prevention and control measures were taken, the density of mosquito was rapidly reduced and the outbreak was controlled. Conclusions The atypical imported cases easily lead to the local epidemic of Dengue Fever. The mobility of people can easily lead to the spread of the epidemic. The rapid elimination of adult mosquitoes, the removal of mosquito breeding sites and the control of the BrettiFab index below 5 can effectively control the epidemic.