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目的:探索城乡结合部儿童道路交通伤害干预模式,为儿童道路交通伤害干预有效途径提供参考。方法:选择宁波市城乡结合部中小学生为对象,建立并实施健康教育、技能培训和环境改变综合干预对策,通过一年半的干预,比较干预前后伤害发生及知信行等方面变化。结果:干预后中小学生伤害知识得分均较干预前上升,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后被调查高年级小学生和初中生经常在马路上打闹的发生率均有明显下降(分别从1.3%和1.9%下降至0.6%和0.8%);干预前后道路交通伤害发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:以健康教育为主、技能培训和环境改变为辅的伤害干预方式在5所学校实施取得了一定效果,可为城市城乡结合部儿童道路交通伤害干预提供参考。
Objective: To explore the road traffic injury intervention model for children at the junction of urban and rural areas, and to provide reference for the effective ways of road traffic injury intervention for children. Methods: The primary and secondary school students in the urban-rural area of Ningbo were selected as the targets. The comprehensive intervention measures of health education, skills training and environmental change were established and implemented. Through the one and a half year intervention, the changes of injury occurrence and information exchange were compared. Results: The scores of injury knowledge of primary and secondary students after intervention were all higher than those before intervention (all P <0.05), and the prevalence of slapstick frequently on the road between high school pupils and middle school students who were investigated after intervention was significantly lower (From 1.3% and 1.9% to 0.6% and 0.8% respectively). There was no significant difference in road traffic injuries between before and after intervention (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention methods based on health education, supplemented by skills training and environmental change have achieved some results in five schools and can provide reference for the intervention of road traffic injuries among children in urban-rural-urban areas.