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目的调查大连市社区儿童青少年突发事件认知水平与安全知识水平现状,并分析安全知识水平影响因素,为提高社区儿童青少年的安全健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷对1 006名儿童青少年进行调查,运用SPSS 17.0对数据进行分析。结果儿童青少年对触电、地震、火灾、交通、伤害、食物中毒、溺水、踩踏8项突发事件安全知识的知晓率依次为72.5%、64.7%、62.5%、57.2%、46.7%、36.6%、34.4%、5.8%;安全知识得分为(69.82±11.97)分。不同性别儿童青少年在突发事件种类认知、突发事件与生活密切程度和突发事件重视程度三方面均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同性别儿童青少年对突发事件安全知识知晓率仅在食物中毒方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别安全知识得分差异有统计学意义(t=-1.66,P=0.10),女生安全知识得分稍高于男生;不同学龄段儿童青少年对突发事件重视程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同学龄段儿童青少年对突发事件安全知识知晓率在地震方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同学龄段儿童青少年突发事件安全知识得分差异无统计学意义(t=-1.66,P=0.10)。多元逐步回归分析显示儿童青少年安全知识得分影响因素依次是:是否学生干部、性别、父母婚姻。结论儿童青少年对突发事件认知水平及安全知识知晓水平亟待提高,社区护理人员应联合家长和学校加强儿童青少年安全健康教育,提高其应急能力。
Objective To investigate the status quo of cognition and safety knowledge of children and adolescents in communities in Dalian and to analyze the influencing factors of safety knowledge so as to provide reference for raising the safety and health education of children and adolescents in community. Methods A total of 1 006 children and adolescents were investigated by self-designed questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results The awareness of children and adolescents about the safety of electric shock, earthquake, fire, traffic, injury, food poisoning, drowning and stampeding were 72.5%, 64.7%, 62.5%, 57.2%, 46.7%, 36.6% 34.4%, 5.8%; safety knowledge score was (69.82 ± 11.97) points. Children and adolescents of different genders had no significant difference in the types of emergencies, the close relationship between emergencies and life, and the degree of emergency attention (P> 0.05). The awareness rate of children’s and adolescent’s safety knowledge of emergencies Only in food poisoning the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); different gender safety knowledge scores were statistically significant (t = -1.66, P = 0.10), female safety knowledge score slightly higher than boys; different school-age children There was a statistically significant difference in the awareness rate of emergency safety among adolescents with different school-age children (P <0.05). There were significant differences in the awareness rate among children and adolescents with different school-age children (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in emergency safety knowledge scores (t = -1.66, P = 0.10). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of children’s adolescent safety knowledge scores were: whether the student cadre, gender, parental marriage. Conclusion Child and adolescent awareness of emergency and safety knowledge should be improved urgently. Community nurses should strengthen the safety and health education of children and adolescents in order to increase their emergency response capacity.