论文部分内容阅读
勒沙特列原理又称为平衡移动原理.其内容是:如果改变影响平衡的一个条件(如浓度、压强或温度等),平衡就向能够减弱这种改变的方向移动。勒沙特列原理不仅适用于化学平衡,也适用于物理平衡过程。它可用于物态平衡、溶解平衡、沉淀一溶解平衡,电离平衡,络合平衡等过程。因此,该原理乃是中学化学教学的重要内容之一。现根据教材中涉及有关勒沙特列原理的运用作一归纳总结。一、运用于物态平衡 [例1]水与水蒸气在一定温度下存在下述平衡过程:
The Le Chatelier principle is also known as the principle of equilibrium movement. Its content is: If one changes the conditions that affect equilibrium (such as concentration, pressure or temperature, etc.), the balance moves in a direction that can weaken the change. The Le Chatelier principle applies not only to chemical equilibrium but also to physical equilibrium processes. It can be used in the process of balance of matter, dissolution equilibrium, precipitation-dissolution equilibrium, ionization balance, and complexation equilibrium. Therefore, this principle is one of the important contents of chemistry teaching in middle schools. According to the teaching materials involved in the application of the principle of Le Chatelier, the summary is summarized. I. Application to Balance of Efforts [Example 1] The following equilibrium processes exist for water and steam at a certain temperature: