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Because of various error factors, the detecting errors in the real-time experimental data of the wear depth affect the accuracy of the detecting data. The self-made spherical plain bearing tester was studied, and its testing principle of the wear depth of the spherical plain bearing was introduced. Meanwhile, the error factors affecting the wear-depth detecting precision were analyzed. Then, the comprehensive error model of the wear-depth detecting system of the spherical plain bearing was built by the multi-body system theory (MBS). In addition, the thermal deformation of the wear-depth detecting system caused by varying the environmental temperature was detected. Finally, according to the above experimental parameters, the thermal errors of the related parts of the comprehensive error model were calculated by FEM. The results show that the difference between the simulation value and the experimental value is less than 0.005 mm, and the two values are close. The correctness of the comprehensive error model is verified under the thermal error experimental conditions.