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目的了解冬季雾霾天气对某市小学生肺功能影响,为防治小学生呼吸系统疾病提供依据。方法根据中国空气质量在线监测分析平台2016年数据,在某市选取PM2.5污染相对较轻和污染相对较重监测点,在监测点附近2 km范围内各选择1所小学,每所小学随机抽取三~五年级各1个班,于供暖期前非雾霾天气和供暖期间雾霾天气分别进行1次肺功能测试。第1次肺功能测试调查362名学生,第2次359名,其中完成2次肺功能测试者338名。结果 2所学校学生身高、体重差异均无统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。非雾霾日,轻污染区小学男生FVC低于重污染区小学男生(P<0.05),轻污染区小学女生PEF高于重污染区小学女生(P<0.05),轻污染区小学总体FEF75高于重污染区小学(P<0.05)。轻污染区小学男生的FVC非雾霾日高于雾霾日(P<0.05),女生FEV1,PEF,FEF25,FEF75在非雾霾日均高于雾霾日(P值均<0.05);重污染区小学男生和总体FVC非雾霾日高于雾霾日,FEF75非雾霾日低于雾霾日(P值均<0.05)。结论雾霾天气对小学生肺功能有一定影响。应加大空气污染治理力度,保证小学生健康成长。
Objective To understand the influence of winter haze on the lung function of pupils in a city and provide the basis for prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of pupils. Methods Based on the 2016 data of China’s online monitoring and analysis platform for air quality, PM2.5 was chosen as a relatively light pollution and relatively polluting monitoring point in a certain city. One primary school was selected within 2 km near the monitoring point. Each primary school was randomly selected One to three classes were selected for each class, and one pulmonary function test was conducted before the heating period for non-hazy weather and for haze during the heating period. The first pulmonary function test survey 362 students, the second 359, of which 338 completed two pulmonary function tests. Results There was no significant difference in height and weight between the two schools (P <0.05). The FVC of primary school boys in non-smog day was lower than that of primary school boys in heavy-polluted area (P <0.05). The PEF of light-polluted primary school girls was higher than that of primary school girls in heavy polluted area (P <0.05) In heavily polluted area primary school (P <0.05). The FVC non-smog days of light-polluted primary school boys were higher than those of smog days (P <0.05), while the FEV1, PEF, FEF25 and FEF75 of girls were higher than smog days (P <0.05) The non-haze days of male FPS and non-haze days of FEF75 were lower than those of hazy day (P <0.05). Conclusion The smog weather has a certain influence on the pulmonary function of pupils. Air pollution control should be stepped up to ensure the healthy growth of primary school students.