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光动力治疗(Photodynamic therapy,PDT)作为一种有别于传统癌症治疗方式的新型疗法,近些年来受到了科学家们越来越多的关注.它凭借着自身创伤性小,毒性低微,适用性好,可协同手术治疗以及可重复治疗等独特优势,在许多肿瘤的治疗方面有着广泛的应用.本文简要概述了光动力疗法的原理以及光敏剂的发展历程,并对理想光敏剂的特点作了总结.目前,以酞菁类化合物为主的第三代光敏剂已经成为光动力疗法的研究热点,然而如何提高光敏剂分子的靶向性达到精准的光动力治疗仍然是亟待解决的问题.因此,主要综述了近年来靶向性酞菁类光敏剂的研究进展,并对未来光敏剂的重点研究方向做出了展望.从目前来看,如何克服癌症低氧微环境的限制,发展Type I型不依赖氧的体系以及光穿透力强的靶向光敏剂在光动力治疗方面存在着巨大的潜质,有望成为新一代十分优良的光动力疗法用光敏剂.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a new type of therapy different from traditional cancer treatment, has drawn more and more attention from scientists in recent years.With its little traumatic, low toxicity and applicability Good, synergistic surgical treatment and reproducible treatment have unique advantages in the treatment of many tumors has a wide range of applications.This paper briefly outlined the principle of photodynamic therapy and the development of photosensitizers, and the characteristics of the ideal photosensitizer At present, the third generation of photosensitizers based on phthalocyanines has become a hot research topic in photodynamic therapy, however, how to improve the targeting of photosensitizer and achieve accurate photodynamic therapy remains an urgent problem to be solved. , Mainly reviewed the research progress of targeted phthalocyanine photosensitizers in recent years, and made a prospect for the future research directions of photosensitizer.For the moment, how to overcome the limitation of cancer hypoxia microenvironment and develop Type I Type of oxygen-independent system and the strong penetration of light-sensitive photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy there is a huge potential, is expected to become a very good new generation Photodynamic therapy with photosensitizers.