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婴儿唇裂,又称兔唇,是一种先天生理缺陷,即婴儿嘴唇肌肉发育不完整。每700-1000个新生儿中,就会出现一个唇裂婴儿,这已成为先天缺陷中最普遍的病症之一。由于胚胎早期胎儿口腔唇部在多种因素影响下,正常组织发良受阻所致,婴儿出生后表现为嘴唇上“缺肉”,主要为上嘴唇出现一条狭小的裂缝,常在一侧鼻孔的中央直下方,唇裂大小不一,严重者可从嘴唇一直延伸到鼻孔,影响鼻软骨、鼻中隔及齿槽。唇裂按裂缝位置可分为:单侧唇裂和双侧唇裂:按裂缝程度可分为:唇红裂(只是唇裂开)、不完全唇裂(上唇裂,但未至鼻下)和完全唇裂(上唇、鼻底完全裂开)。
Baby cleft lip, also known as the lip, is a congenital physiological defect, that is, baby lips muscle development is not complete. For every 700-1000 newborns, a cleft baby develops, which has become one of the most common conditions in birth defects. Due to the embryo early fetal oral lip under the influence of a variety of factors, the normal tissue dysfunction caused by the birth of the baby after the performance of the lips “missing meat”, mainly the upper lip appears a small crack, often in the side of the nostril Directly under the central, cleft lip size varies, severe cases may extend from the lips to the nose, affecting the nasal cartilage, nasal septum and alveolar. Cleft lip according to the location of cracks can be divided into: unilateral cleft lip and bilateral cleft lip: according to the degree of the fracture can be divided into: lip red cleft (only cleft lip), incomplete cleft lip (upper lip cleft, but not to the nose) and complete cleft lip , The nose completely cracked).