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目的:观察海水中犬肢体火器伤后伤道早期细菌变化,结合文献探讨初期外科处理。方法:将17只普通级毕格犬分为海水中致伤组(n=14)和地面致伤组(n=3)。海水组于海水中枪伤后救出,伤后0、6、12、24 h进行伤道细菌检测和药敏试验。地面组为观察对照。结果:伤肢肿胀、组织坏死和动物死亡时间,海水组均较地面组严重和提前;海水组革兰氏阳性球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌较多,以链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌为主的混合感染,头孢菌素、氨基糖甙类对多种细菌敏感。结论:海水中火器伤后细菌数量种类多,感染时间提前且严重,处理更应强调尽早彻底清创、早期使用广谱抗生素。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the early bacterial changes in the injured wounds of canines in seawater, and to discuss the initial surgical treatment based on the literature. Methods: 17 common beagle dogs were divided into seawater injury group (n = 14) and ground injury group (n = 3). The seawater group was rescued after gunshot wound in seawater, and pathological bacteria tests and drug susceptibility tests were conducted at 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after injury. Ground group for the observation control. Results: There were more Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli in the seawater group than those in the ground group due to swollen limbs, tissue necrosis and death of animals. In seawater group, there were more Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli The main mixed infections, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides sensitive to a variety of bacteria. Conclusion: The quantity of bacteria in seawater after firearm injury is many and the infection time is advanced and severe. The treatment should emphasize thorough debridement as soon as possible and early use of broad-spectrum antibiotics.