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为揭示华山松大小蠹和伴生蓝变真菌引起秦岭华山松枯萎的机制,选择秦岭北坡沣峪林场境35年树龄的健康华山松Pinus armandi为研究对象,对接种华山松大小蠹Dendroctonus armandi及与其伴生的蓝变真菌Ceratocystis polonica引起的寄主树木木质部形态变化进行了解剖观察。结果表明:接种致病性蓝变真菌C.polonica1周后的4株华山松的木质部组织内,蓝变区域显著增加,4～6周后蓝变区域不再增加;而在接种无菌琼脂的2株对照华山松的木质部组织内,没有检测到蓝变区域。研究结果提示蓝变真菌C.polonica是致死秦岭华山松的重要病原菌,该伴生菌随华山松大小蠹入侵健康寄主华山松木质部组织,在木质部定居并分解木质部,堵塞树脂道,致使寄主华山松树脂代谢和水分代谢紊乱。该研究结果表明,虽然华山松大小蠹长期以来被认为是致死华山松的毁灭性小蠹虫,但是其共生蓝变真菌C.polonica对成熟华山松的致害作用不应该被忽视。
In order to reveal the mechanism of Pinus armandii and Witches plover wilt wilt caused by Pinus armandii and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica, the 35-year-old healthy Pinus armandi was selected as the research object. The morphological changes of the xylem of the host tree caused by the associated blue-transformed fungus Ceratocystis polonica were observed. The results showed that within 4 weeks after inoculation of pathogenic blue fungus C.polonica, the blue-change area increased significantly in the xylem tissues and no longer increased in the blue-change area after 4 to 6 weeks. However, Within the xylem tissues of two control Pinus armandii, no blue-change region was detected. The results suggest that P.polonica is an important pathogen causing the death of Pinus armandii in the Qinling Mountains. The accompanying bacteria invade the xylem of Pinus densata (Pinus armandi), which is the host of Pinus armandii, settle and decompose the xylem in the xylem, block the resin path, Metabolism and water metabolism disorders. The results of this study indicate that although P. armandi has long been considered the devastating bee-eater of the deadly Pinus armandii, the virulence of its symbiotic blue-color fungus C. pollen on mature Pinus armandii should not be overlooked.