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目的了解武汉地区老年糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)流行病学现状,探讨其相关影响因素,为DR防治提供相关依据。方法 2013年8月—2014年2月,采用方便抽样的方法选取武汉市365例老年2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,对患者进行眼底荧光血管造影检查,同时测定患者血压、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)。结果武汉地区老年糖尿病患者DR发生率为18.1%,患者年龄越大,发生DR可能性增高,DR患者平均收缩压高于非DR患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。DR患者与非DR患者HDL-C、LDL-C水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),DR患者血清中VEGF水平高于非DR患者(P<0.05),患者血清中Hb A1c水平与VEGF含量呈正相关,相关系数r=0.23(P<0.05)。结论武汉地区老年糖尿病患者DR发生率较高,应积极控制患者血压、血糖,维持患者体内血脂正常,从而降低患者DR发生的风险。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of diabetic retinopathy in the elderly in Wuhan and to explore the related influencing factors so as to provide relevant evidences for the prevention and treatment of DR. Methods From August 2013 to February 2014, 365 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wuhan City were enrolled in this study. The patients underwent fundus fluorescein angiography and blood pressure, HbA1c, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and VEGF were measured. Results The prevalence of DR in elderly diabetic patients in Wuhan was 18.1%. The older the patients were, the higher the possibility of DR was. The mean systolic blood pressure in DR patients was higher than that in non-DR patients (P <0.05). The levels of HDL-C and LDL-C in DR patients were significantly different from those in non-DR patients (P <0.05). The serum levels of VEGF in DR patients were significantly higher than those in non-DR patients (P <0.05) Content was positively correlated, the correlation coefficient r = 0.23 (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of DR in elderly diabetic patients in Wuhan is high. Blood pressure and blood sugar should be controlled actively so as to maintain normal blood lipids in patients and reduce the risk of DR.