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目的:回顾分析我院急诊中毒患者的流行病学特点,为本地区急性中毒的进一步防治提供参考数据。方法:收集2012-01-01-2014-09-30到我院就诊的中毒个案,根据性别、年龄、发生时间、患者来源、中毒类型及途径、诊断及转归等进行登记和分析。结果:181例患者,男70例,女111例,平均年龄(31±15)岁。中毒种类主要为药物中毒共100例(53%),酒精中毒33例(18.2%),一氧化碳中毒25例(13.8%),清洁剂中毒7例(3.9%),杀虫剂中毒5例(2.8%),其他11例(6.1%);中毒途径经消化道的占85.1%,经呼吸道占14.9%;中毒动机中有意的占68.5%,无意的占27.6%;中毒动机在年龄组和性别的构成差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。每年12月及1月都是中毒的高峰期;急诊治疗后无死亡病例,离院142例(78.5%),入院39例(21.5%),转入ICU1例,住院平均2.6d。结论:本研究回顾了近期澳门地区急诊中毒的特点及临床基本资料,为澳门急性中毒防治的科研项目提供最新的流行病学资料。
Objective: To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning patients in our hospital and provide reference data for further prevention and treatment of acute poisoning in this area. Methods: The cases of poisoning from 2012-01-01-2014-09-30 to our hospital were collected and registered according to sex, age, time of onset, source of patients, types and routes of poisoning, diagnosis and prognosis. Results: 181 patients, 70 males and 111 females, with an average age of (31 ± 15) years. There were 100 cases of poisoning (53%), 33 cases of alcoholism (18.2%), 25 cases of carbon monoxide poisoning (13.8%), 7 cases of detergent poisoning (3.9%) and 5 cases of pesticide poisoning %) And other 11 cases (6.1%). The poisoning pathways were 85.1% in the digestive tract and 14.9% in the respiratory tract. 68.5% were intentional in the poisoning inadvertently and 27.6% inadvertently. The motivation of poisoning in the age group and gender Composition differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). In December and January of each year, all were the peak of poisoning. No deaths were found after emergency treatment. 142 cases (78.5%) were discharged from hospital and 39 cases (21.5%) were admitted to hospital. One case was admitted to ICU and the average hospitalization was 2.6 days. Conclusions: This study reviews the characteristics and basic clinical data of acute poisoning in Macao recently and provides the latest epidemiological data for research projects on the prevention and control of acute poisoning in Macao.