用于分离的高分子膜及凝胶

• 作 者: 沈中和
• 出 处: 有机化学
• 发表日期: 1978年01期
• 关键词: 高分子膜 凝胶 分子技术 孔径 吸附剂 有机物 溶质 化合物 聚合物 溶胀

蒸馏是分离有机物很好的方法,这是人所共知的,但也有一部分化合物的分离是不能用蒸馏的。这时往往采用高分子膜来分离,最近由于高分子技术的进步,还能够制造对水及其它溶剂极度膨胀的凝胶,作为分离用的选择吸附剂。就现有商品化的高分子膜的孔径大小来看,基本上包括了溶质的全部大小尺寸,但是还存在问题。下面介绍一些用于分离的高分子膜及凝胶的研究动向。

Distillation is a well-known method of separating organic matter, which is well known, but some of the compounds can not be separated by distillation. In this case, polymer membranes are often used for separation. Recently, due to advances in polymer technology, gels that are extremely swollen against water and other solvents can be produced as selective adsorbents for separation. In view of the pore size of commercially available polymer membranes, the size of the solute is basically included, but there are still problems. Here are some of the research trends for the separation of polymer films and gels.