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本文建立了以社会风险、经济风险和生态环境风险为准则层的再生水利用风险综合评价指标体系,并相应选取了14个评价指标,为再生水的合理利用提供参考。以陕西省的关中地区、陕南地区和陕北地区为研究对象,分别选取西安市和渭南市、汉中市和商洛市、榆林市和延安市共6个城市为各地区的代表城市,选用模糊物元模型进行评价,并采用组合赋权法进行评价指标权重的计算。结果表明,关中地区的再生水利用风险较高,陕南和陕北地区的再生水利用风险较低,其中西安市的再生水利用风险最高。建立的评价指标体系能够较为系统地反映各地区的再生水利用风险。模糊物元评价模型的评价结果较为客观,可为城市再生水的合理利用提供参考。
This paper establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system of risk of reclaimed water using the social risk, economic risk and ecological risk as criteria, and selects 14 evaluation indexes accordingly to provide a reference for the rational utilization of reclaimed water. Taking the Guanzhong region, the southern region of Shannxi province and the northern region of Shaanxi as the research objects, 6 cities including Xi’an and Weinan, Hanzhong and Shangluo, Yulin and Yan’an are chosen as the representative cities in all regions, Matter-element model to evaluate, and use the combination of weighting method to evaluate the weight of indicators. The results show that there is a high risk of reclaimed water use in the Guanzhong area, and the utilization of reclaimed water in southern Shaanxi and northern Shaanxi is relatively low. The reclamation water use risk in Xi’an is the highest. The established evaluation index system can systematically reflect the risk of reclaimed water utilization in all regions. The evaluation results of fuzzy matter-element evaluation model are more objective, which can provide reference for the rational utilization of urban reclaimed water.