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为了解次生林生态系统在极端降雨后的受灾情况,于2010年7—8月极端降雨后,对中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所清原森林生态实验站内、不同立地次生林生态系统及无林地进行了全面调查与分析。结果表明:极端降雨对次生生态系统土壤产生了强烈的侵蚀,并造成树木的大量倒伏,同时诱发多处坡面型泥石流;受灾严重区多分布于坡度陡、高差大的林分;侵蚀沟和泥石流的数量与灌木盖度呈显著负相关;凋落物层对土壤侵蚀具有一定的抑制作用;不同树种倒木数量表现不同,其中水曲柳、桦树和落叶松的倒木数量较多;与有林地相比,无林地受灾程度更为严重。基于上述结果,讨论了极端降雨干扰对次生林生态系统结构、立地条件及演替模式等可能造成的影响。
In order to understand the disaster of secondary forest ecosystem after extreme rainfall, after a series of extreme rainfall in July-August 2010, a comprehensive investigation was carried out on the secondary forest ecosystem and non-forestland in the Qingyuan Forest Ecology Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology and analyse. The results showed that extreme rainfall caused strong soil erosion in the secondary ecosystem, caused massive lodging of trees and induced many slope-type debris flows. Severely affected areas were distributed in steep and high-elevation stands. Erosion The number of ditches and debris flow was significantly negatively correlated with the shrub cover. The litter layer had some inhibitory effects on soil erosion. The numbers of fallen trees varied with different species, of which, the numbers of fallen logs were higher in Ash, birch and Larix. Compared with forest land, the extent of non-forest land disaster is more serious. Based on the above results, the possible effects of extreme rainfall disturbance on secondary forest ecosystem structure, site conditions and succession patterns are discussed.