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目的对不同孕周早产儿生后短时间内接种乙肝疫苗的免疫反应进行探讨和分析,总结对早产儿进行乙肝疫苗接种的经验,以更好地保护早产儿的健康。方法随机选取我院近5年来孕周为31～35周的早产儿50名,其中,孕周在31～33周的早产儿25名,为A组;孕周在34～35周的早产儿25名,为B组。按照传统的0、1、6方案,在50名早产儿出生后1周内进行首次乙肝疫苗接种,在早产儿生长到1个月和6个月时,分别进行第二次和第三次乙肝疫苗接种。观察并记录两组早产儿在接种乙肝疫苗后的免疫性反应,并做对比分析。结果经过乙肝疫苗接种后,A组25名早产儿乙肝表面抗体转化为阳性的有20名,免疫反应良好,强应答所占百分比为80%,有效率为80%,B组早产儿乙肝表面抗体转化为阳性的有23名,免疫反应较A组更好,强应答所占百分比为92%,有效率为92%。A、B两组数据差异具有统计学意义。结论不同孕周早产儿在短时间内接种乙肝疫苗时的免疫反应有所不同,孕周较长的早产儿相比于孕周较短的早产儿来说,在经过接种后,免疫反应较好,接种成功率较高。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the immune response of hepatitis B vaccine in preterm infants born in different gestation weeks and summarize the experience of hepatitis B vaccination in premature infants to better protect the health of premature infants. Methods A total of 50 preterm infants of 31 to 35 weeks gestational age in our hospital were randomly selected in this study. Among them, 25 preterm infants whose gestational age ranged from 31 to 33 weeks were Group A; gestational age ranged from 34 to 35 weeks 25, for the B group. According to the traditional 0,1,6 regimen, the first hepatitis B vaccination was carried out in 50 preterm infants within 1 week after their birth. When the premature infants grew to 1 month and 6 months, the second and third HBsAg Vaccination. Observe and record the immune response of the two groups of preterm infants after inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine and do comparative analysis. Results After hepatitis B vaccination, 25 preterm infants in Group A were transformed into 20 positive HBsAg, the immune response was good, the percentage of strong response was 80% and the effective rate was 80%. The HBsAg in group B 23 were converted to positive, the immune response is better than the A group, the percentage of strong response was 92%, the effective rate was 92%. A, B difference between the two groups was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The immune responses of preterm infants of different gestations are different when vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine in a short period of time. Preterm infants with longer gestational weeks have a better immune response after inoculation than preterm infants with shorter gestational weeks , Vaccination success rate higher.