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通过不同土性、地下水条件下软土基坑开挖变形失稳的模拟试验 ,研究了软土基坑开挖变形发展直至失稳破坏的全过程。通过试验研究 ,初步认为软土基坑坑壁在无支护或支护刚度较小的情况下 ,其坑壁破坏形态呈抛物线型 ;在基坑开挖范围内若存在有砂性土 ,且地下水位较高时 ,易于发生流砂渗透破坏 ,并导致了地表沉陷 ,但侧向变形相对较小 ;而对于因承压水引起的坑底土体隆起变形 ,若不考虑土体的强度特性 ,计算结果是偏于安全的。
Through the simulation tests of deformation instability of excavation of soft soil foundation under different soil conditions and groundwater conditions, the whole process of excavation deformation until instability is studied. Based on the experimental study, it is preliminarily considered that the failure mode of the pit wall in the soft soil foundation pit without pavement or in the case of small support stiffness is parabolic. If sandy soil exists in the excavation area of the foundation pit, When the groundwater level is high, it is easy to infiltrate and destroy the flowing sand and lead to the surface subsidence, but the lateral deformation is relatively small. For the deformation of the soil at the pit bottom caused by the confined water, without considering the strength characteristics of the soil, The result is biased to safety.