知母的皂苷成分

• 作 者: 孟志云 李文 徐绥绪 漆新国 沙义
• 机 构: 沈阳药科大学植物化学教研室,军事医学科学院放射医学研究所,沈阳药科大学测试中心
• 出 处: 药学学报
• 发表日期: 1999年06期
• 关键词: 吡喃半乳糖苷 硅胶柱色谱 螺甾烷 鉴定结构 大孔树脂 端基碳信号 碳谱 吡喃葡糖基 高效液相色谱 酸水解

目的：研究知母的化学成分，寻找新的活性物质。方法：利用大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱等手段进行分离，根据化合物的理化性质及光谱（ＩＲ，ＦＡＢＭＳ，ＥＳＩＭＳ，１ＨＮＭＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ，ＤＥＰＴ，ＨＭＱＣ，ＨＭＢＣ，ＮＯＥＳＹ和ＲＯＥＳＹ）数据鉴定结构。结果：从中药知母分离得到两种甾体皂苷，确定其结构是：（５β，２５Ｓ）螺甾烷３β，１５α，２３α三醇３ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２）βＤ吡喃半乳糖苷（１）和（５β，２５Ｓ）螺甾烷３β，２３α二醇３ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２）βＤ吡喃半乳糖苷（２）。结论：１和２均是新化合物，分别命名为知母皂苷Ｆ和知母皂苷Ｇ。

Objective: To study the chemical composition of Anemarrhenae and find new active substances. Methods: The compounds were separated by macroporous resin column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography according to the physical and chemical properties of the compounds and their spectra (IR, FABMS, ESIMS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY and ROESY) data identification structures. RESULTS: Two steroidal saponins were isolated from TCM Anemarrhenae. The structures were determined as follows: (5β, 25S)spiroxane3β, 15α, 23αtriol3OβDglucopyranosyl (1→2)βD-galactopyranoside (1) and (5β,25S)spiroxane3β,23αdiol3OβD-glucopyranosyl (1) → 2) β-D-galactopyranoside (2). Conclusions: Both 1 and 2 are new compounds and are named timosaponin F and timosaponin G respectively.