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目的 评估北京市1992-2013年乙型肝炎 (乙肝) 疫苗 (Hepatitis B vaccine, HepB) 接种预防乙肝肝硬化的效益-成本比 (Benefit-cost ratio, BCR) .方法 采用成本效益法测算1992-1993年北京市HepB接种成本、乙肝肝硬化花费和效益值, 分析BCR.结果1992-2013年北京市HepB免疫接种总成本为13 419.42万元, HepB接种为预防乙肝肝硬化带来的总效益为115 205.46万元, BCR为8.58.结论 北京市HepB免疫接种对预防乙肝肝硬化具有较高的BCR.“,”Objective To estimate the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) vaccination for preventing hepatitis B related cirrhosis in Beijing during 1992-2013. Methods We used cost-benefit analysis to measure costs of HepB vaccination and expenses and benefits of preventing hepatitis B related cirrhosis to estimate a benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Results During 1992-2013, the total cost of HepB vaccination in Beijing was 134 194.2 thousand RMB. HepB vaccination produced a benefit of 1 152 054.6 thousand RMB in preventing hepatitis B related cirrhosis. The BCR of HepB vaccination was 8.58 for cirrhosis prevention. Conclusions HepB vaccination showed a high BCR in preventing hepatitis B related cirrhosis.