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海秀公社位于海口市西郊,是海南岛油料基地之一。六十年代以前,花生和芝麻两种油料作物的种植面积各占一半,七十年代后期由于坡地花生常因受旱产量不稳,再加上扩大播种面积后轮作年限缩短,有的甚至连作,根线虫病日益严重,产量下降,因而花生种植面积减少,但芝麻的种植面积不断扩大。至1982年,海秀公社的芝麻播种面积为10270亩,占油料作物面积的2/3,平均亩产66斤,最高亩产166斤,创海南区大面积高产纪录。现将其主要经验总结如下。 (一)选用良种 1980年以前,该公社所种植的芝麻品种是当地农家种“大肚”。该品种结蒴少、节间长、结蒴部位高,一般亩产50—60斤。1980年开始选用丰产、优质、适应性抗性较强的“海
Haixiu commune is located in the western suburbs of Haikou City, Hainan Island is one of the fuel base. Before the 1960s, the peanut and sesame crops accounted for 50% of the acreage respectively. In the late seventies, peanut production was often unstable due to drought, coupled with the shortening of the revival period after the expansion of sown area, and some even continuous cropping. Root-knot nematode disease is increasingly serious, yield decline, thus reducing the area planted peanuts, but growing area of sesame seeds. Until 1982, Haixiu commune sesame planting area of 10,270 acres, accounting for 2/3 of the area of oil crops, the average yield of 66 pounds, the highest mu yield of 166 pounds, a record high-yield large area in Hainan. Now the main experience is summarized as follows. (A) Selected Seeds Before 1980, sesame varieties planted by the commune were “big belly” cultivated by local farmers. The variety of knot less bolt, internodes, knot bolt parts high, generally 50-60 kg per mu. Beginning in 1980, the selection of high yield, high quality, adaptable resistance of the "sea