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苏联巴班斯基建议采用下到概括要点的方法:(1)在制定课的计划时,要准确地概括出课的基本任务、主要概念、主要思想和问题。(2)在学习新教材时,要用通俗易懂的形式对学生提出掌握基本概念、技能和技巧的任务,并提供学习新教材的简明提纲。(3)在讲述新教材时,要使学生的注意力集中在主要问题、基本概念和结论上;在解释概念时,必须突出它们的主要特征。(4)在课堂独立活动的过程中,要系统地提出下面这种类型的作业:找出课文中的主要意思,给教科书的部分教材加标题,用一句话表达出课文的基本意思,对课堂上所学的一系列事实、例证和实验材料进行概括并作出相应的结论,简单地复述课文和教学电影的主要意思,还可以让学生自己编写课文的测验
The Soviet UnionBabansiji proposed to adopt the following summary points approach: (1) in the development of lesson plans, it is necessary to accurately outline the basic tasks of the class, the main concepts, the main ideas and issues. (2) When learning new teaching materials, students should be given the task of mastering the basic concepts, skills and techniques in an understandable form and provide concise syllabus for learning new teaching materials. (3) When telling new textbooks, focus the students’ attention on the main issues, basic concepts and conclusions; they must highlight their main features when interpreting concepts. (4) In the course of independent activities in the classroom, we should systematically put forward the following types of assignments: find out the main meaning of the text, add a title to some textbooks, express the basic meaning of the text in one sentence, A series of facts, illustrations and experimental materials to summarize and make the corresponding conclusions, simply repeat the main meaning of the text and teaching movies, but also allow students to write their own text quiz