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目的:本研究旨在分析通过实施以“体力活动作为国民技能”计划形成的儿童预期信念与主观任务值模式,并探索其与体育课程喜爱程度和体力活动总量相关联。方法:研究样本包含芬兰东北部3个小城镇的401名9-13岁儿童。这些儿童在五至七年级2年时间内接受校园基础体力活动培养计划。2012-2014年通过3个阶段的问卷调查获得数据。结果:该计划成功的预期信念和主观任务价值水平都相对较高且发展稳定,特别在预期信念、实现价值和成本方面,而兴趣值和实用价值在特定阶段内下降。男生普遍认为自己身体素质比别人更具竞争力,而且比女生更加重视体力活动课程。此外,学生报告参与的体力活动越多,越喜爱体育课程。结论:当前的计划包括通过采用心理及生理校园环境调整提高学生体力活动,本研究表明该计划是防止儿童预期信念和任务值水平下降的有效策略。
Aims: This study aims to analyze the model of child’s expected beliefs and subjective task values formed through the implementation of “physical activity as a national skill” and to explore its association with the degree of physical education curriculum and the total amount of physical activity. Methods: The study sample included 401 9-13-year-old children in three small towns in northeastern Finland. These children underwent campus-based physical activity development programs during the two-year period from grades five to seven. 2012-2014 Data obtained through 3-stage questionnaire. Results: The expected beliefs and subjective tasks of the successful plan are both relatively high in value and stable in development, especially in terms of expected beliefs, realized values and costs, while the values of interest and practical value decline in a specific period. Boys generally consider themselves physically more competitive than others and pay more attention to physical activity than girls. In addition, the more physical activity students participate in, the more they love physical education. Conclusion: The current plan includes improving students’ physical activity through the use of psychological and physical campus environment adjustments. This study shows that the plan is an effective strategy to prevent children’s expected beliefs and mission values from falling.