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水资源日益紧缺态势下,以水利工程措施调控灌区盐分平衡已难以为继,生物脱盐对于无排水灌区盐分平衡调控意义重大。以克拉玛依市农业开发区重盐化土壤为对象实施了盐生植物田间试验。基于水盐平衡原理,计算了灌溉水盐分输入量与盐生植物生物移盐量,构建了盐分平衡关系方程。研究结果表明,盐地碱蓬与野榆钱菠菜可以进行灌区脱盐,其中野榆钱菠菜两年的地上部分生物量分别为27 040.4和25 620.0kg/hm2,刈割后灰分盐移出量分别为7 618.6和7 019.5kg/hm2,移出的盐量是灌溉水引入盐量的7.8和7.2倍;盐地碱蓬两年的地上部分生物量分别为18 836.4和19 119.3kg/hm2,刈割后灰分盐移出量分别为5 258.0和5 185.0kg/hm2,移出的盐量是灌溉水引入盐量的5.4和5.3倍。在无排水灌区,盐生植物生物脱盐将是盐分平衡调控的重要途径。
In the increasingly scarce situation of water resources, it is unsustainable to control the salt balance in irrigation district with water conservancy project measures. Biological desalination is of great significance to the regulation of salt balance in non-drainage irrigation area. A field experiment of halophytes was carried out in the salinized soils of agricultural development zones in Karamay. Based on the principle of water and salt balance, the inputs of irrigation water and salinity were calculated, and the equation of salt balance was established. The results showed that Suaeda salsa and Spinibarbus spinach could be used for desalination of irrigated area. The above-ground biomass of spinach was 27 040.4 and 25 620.0 kg / hm2, respectively, and the removal of ash and salt after sowing were 7 618.6 and 7 019.5kg / hm2. The amount of salt removed was 7.8 and 7.2 times of that of irrigation water. The above-ground biomass of two years of Suaeda salsa was 18 836.4 and 19 119.3kg / hm2, respectively. The quantities were 5 258.0 and 5 185.0 kg / hm2, respectively, and the amount of salt removed was 5.4 and 5.3 times the amount of salt introduced into the irrigation water. In non-drained irrigation areas, biological desalination of halophytes will be an important way to regulate salt balance.