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根据欧洲人权机制在实践中发展出来的自由判断余地原则,国际人权监督机构要尊重缔约国在履行人权公约义务时的自由裁量权,尽管这种裁量权最终要受到国际人权监督机构的审查。自由判断余地原则旨在解决国家主权与国际监督的平衡问题,因而对联合国人权条约机制具有一定的域外借鉴意义。目前,在适用自由判断余地原则方面,经济、社会和文化权利委员会的态度比较积极,但人权事务委员会的态度却不甚明朗。自由判断余地原则应该在联合国人权条约机制中发挥更重要的作用。
In accordance with the principle of free judgments developed in practice by human rights mechanisms in Europe, international human rights monitoring bodies should respect the discretion of the State party in fulfilling its obligations under human rights conventions, though such discretion ultimately needs to be examined by international human rights monitoring bodies. The principle of freedom of judgment is intended to solve the balance between state sovereignty and international supervision and therefore has certain extraterritorial reference to the UN human rights treaty mechanism. At present, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is more active in applying the principle of free judgments, but the attitude of the Human Rights Committee is not clear. The principle of free judgments should play a more important role in the UN human rights treaty mechanism.