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采用二氨基苯基吲哚(DAPI)染色荧光显微方法,对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri♀)×长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas♂)受精过程进行详细观察。结果显示,长牡蛎精子能迅速附着并穿过栉孔扇贝卵膜,精核发生解凝缩而膨胀形成雄性原核;精子入卵后,栉孔扇贝卵子减数分裂重新启动,释放极体并形成雌性原核,最后雌、雄原核融合,受精卵开始第1次卵裂。栉孔扇贝与长牡蛎杂交受精率一般在40%左右。受精卵发育过程中出现了排放2个极体、排放1个极体、不排放极体3种类型,所占受精卵比例约为65%、25%和10%。多数受精卵第1次卵裂后期,染色体发生异常分离,不能平均分配到2个子细胞中,这可能是造成早期胚胎畸形,只能发育到担轮幼虫阶段而全部死亡的主要原因。
The fertilization process of Chlamys farreri × Crassostrea gigas♂ was observed in detail by DAPI staining. The results showed that the oyster spermatozoa could rapidly attach and cross the egg membrane of scallop scallop and the sperm nucleus decondensed and expanded to form the male pronucleus. After the sperm injected into the egg, the meiosis of the eggs of the scallop scallop re-started to release the polar body and form Female prokaryotic, the last female, male prokaryotic fusion, fertilized eggs start the first cleavage. Zhikong scallop and oyster cross fertilization rate is generally about 40%. Egg development occurred during the discharge of two polar body, the discharge of a polar body, polar body does not discharge three types, the share of fertilized eggs is about 65%, 25% and 10%. The majority of fertilized eggs at the end of the first cleavage stage had abnormal segregation of chromosomes and could not be evenly distributed to two daughter cells. This may be the main reason for early embryo malformations, which can only develop to the stage of larval larvae and all die.