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前言麻大湖位于山东惠民地区桓台、博兴两县接壤处,东临张东铁路,北频小清河,是一个面积约为三万余亩的多沟濠浅水湖泊。七十年代前乌河为该湖的主要水源,河水清澈,湖内鱼类资源丰富,水生生物种类繁多,为我区“鱼米之乡”。但近年来上游工业用水急增,乌河干枯,致使湖内水源短缺,水位下降,湖面不断缩小,逐渐变为间歇性湖泊。而每日受纳十余万吨淄陆工业污水的朱龙河代之为现今湖水的唯一来源,造成全湖严重污染,不仅给农、副、渔业带来重大损失,而已危及人民身体健康。为综合评价麻大湖环境质量和迅速治理该湖污染,继一九七七年初步调查(设置六个测站)之后,于一九七九年五、十一月份两次对麻大湖计四十二个测站进行了水文、水化学和水生生物监测调查工作。本文将获得资料从污染生态、污染因子与生物因子的相关关系和多样性指数等诸方面评价了该湖环境质量状况。
Foreword Ma Dahu Huantai in Shandong Huibin area, Boxing two counties bordering the east Zhangdong Railway, Northridge Xiaoqing River, is an area of about more than 30,000 acres of ditch Ho shallow shallow lake. Before the seventies Wuhe River as the main water source of the lake, the river is clear, the lake is rich in fish resources, a wide range of aquatic organisms, for my area “Yumizhixiang.” However, in recent years, the upstream industrial water supply has risen rapidly and the Wuhe River has withered up. As a result, the water shortage in the lake, the drop in water level and the shrinking of the lake surface have gradually turned into intermittent lakes. The Zhu Long River, which receives more than 100,000 tons of industrial wastewater from Zibo every day, has replaced it with the only source of current water and seriously polluted the entire lake. This not only brought heavy losses to agriculture, fisheries and fisheries, but also endanger the health of the people. In order to comprehensively assess the environmental quality of the Ma Dam and to promptly tackle the pollution of the lake, following the preliminary survey conducted in 1977 (setting of six stations), the total number of Ma Tzah Lakes was calculated at 40 in May and November 1979 Two stations conducted hydrological, hydrochemical and aquatic biological monitoring surveys. This paper evaluates the environmental quality status of the lake from the aspects of pollution ecology, the correlation between pollution factors and biological factors and the diversity index.