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慢性氟中毒,是铝厂铝电解工人一种常见的职业性疾病。在使用电解法生产铝的过程中,由于用含氟原料如:冰晶石(Na_3AlF_6)氟化铝、氟化钠、氟化镁等氟化盐类做添加剂,而产生了大量的氟化物。据我厂统计,每生产一吨铝要消耗氟化盐50公斤。每台电解槽每小时氟化氢(HF)自然排放量达0.22公斤,散发出的氟化物主要是HF,以气态存在于空气中。其次是含氟粉尘。 氟是自然界中最活泼的非金属元素,有强烈的刺激性。能分解水,生成HF,毒性较剧。 氟也是人体内正常组成成份之一,是不可缺少的微量元素,但当过量的氟进入人体内,便出现蓄积作用,久之即可发生慢性氟
Chronic fluorosis is a common occupational disease among aluminum workers in the aluminum plant. In the process of producing aluminum by electrolysis, a large amount of fluoride is produced due to the use of fluoride-containing raw materials such as cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6) fluoride, sodium fluoride and magnesium fluoride as additives. According to our factory’s statistics, every ton of aluminum produced consumes 50 kg of fluoride salt. Hydrogen fluoride (HF) per hour is 0.22 kg per hour in each cell. The fluoride emitted is mainly HF and exists in the air in the gaseous state. Followed by fluorine-containing dust. Fluorine is the most active non-metallic elements in nature, with a strong irritant. Can break down water, generate HF, more toxic than drama. Fluorine is also one of the normal components of human body, is an indispensable trace element, but when excessive fluoride into the body, there will be a cumulative effect, a long time can occur chronic fluoride