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目的 探讨颈椎后路棘突悬吊式椎管扩大椎板成形术治疗K线阳性后纵韧带骨化症(OPLL)患者K线后移程度与手术疗效之间的相关性. 方法 回顾性分析2014年1月—2015年12月本院骨科收治的62例K线(+)OPLL患者的临床资料,所有患者均行颈椎后路棘突悬吊式椎管扩大椎板成形术.将椎管最狭窄处骨化块与K线之间的垂直距离定义为KM值,用以量化K线的位置,并用手术前后KM的差值(ΔKM)表示K线的移动程度.比较患者ΔKM值、手术前后C2 ~ 7Cobb角的差异.根据患者ΔKM平均值将患者分为A组(ΔKM高于平均值)和B组(ΔKM低于平均值),比较2组患者年龄、手术时间、随访时间、手术前后C2~7Cobb角、日本骨科学会(JOA)评分及JOA改善率.应用Pearson相关性分析探讨所有患者ΔKM值与JOA评分改善率之间的相关性. 结果 所有患者术后KM值均较术前增加,即K线后移;手术前后C2~7Cobb角无明显变化.2组手术前后C2~7Cobb角、手术时间及随访时间差异无统计学意义(P >0.05);A组患者年龄明显低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);排除年龄影响后,A组患者术后JOA评分、JOA评分改善率高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05). Age of patients in group A was lower than that of group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Except the influence of age,postoperative JOA scores and the recovery rate of JOA score of patients in group A were higher than that in group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between ΔKM value and the recovery rate of JOA score. Conclusion Posterior laminoplasty with reattachment of the spinous process can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of OPLL patients,the mechanism may be the K-line shift after decompression at C2 and T1.