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目的探讨中国汉族重症肌无力(MG)患者及其不同亚型与人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-B等位基因的相关性。方法应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性的寡核苷酸探针杂交法(PCR-SSOP)对91例中国汉族MG患者及171名健康对照者进行HLA-B等位基因分型,并采用病例-对照研究及显性遗传模式的方法系统分析HLA-B等位基因与MG患者不同临床亚型之间的相关性。结果按照性别、年龄、临床类型、抗乙酰胆碱受体(AChR)抗体及胸腺病变将患者组分为不同亚型后,结果显示HLA-B*46阳性率在男性、眼肌型、抗AChR抗体阴性及伴发胸腺瘤组中升高,HLA-B*08阳性率在早发型及全身型患者组中升高。与对照组比较,患者组HLA-B*35和B*38阳性率降低。结论 HLA-B*46基因可能是男性、眼肌型、抗AChR抗体阴性及伴发胸腺瘤的MG患者的易感基因或与易感基因相连锁;HLA-B*08可能是早发型及全身型MG患者的易感基因或与易感基因相连锁。HLA-B*35和B*38可能是MG的保护基因或与保护基因相连锁。
Objective To investigate the association between Chinese Han myasthenia gravis (MG) and its subtypes and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B allele. Methods HLA-B alleles were genotyped in 91 Chinese Han patients with MG and 171 healthy controls by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization (PCR-SSOP) - Controlled studies and methods of dominant inheritance patterns systematically analyzed the association between HLA-B alleles and different clinical subtypes of patients with MG. Results The patients were divided into different subtypes according to sex, age, clinical type, AChR antibody and thymus lesions. The results showed that the positive rate of HLA-B * 46 in male, ocular muscle type, anti-AChR antibody negative And thymoma group, the positive rate of HLA-B * 08 increased in early-onset and general-purpose patients. Compared with the control group, the positive rate of HLA-B * 35 and B * 38 patients decreased. Conclusion The HLA-B * 46 gene may be susceptible genes in males, ocular muscles, anti-AChR antibodies and MG patients with thymoma or HLA-B * 08 may be early-onset and systemic Type MG patients or linked to susceptibility genes. HLA-B * 35 and B * 38 may be MG protective genes or linked to the protective gene.