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前言为了延长大功率发射管钍钨阴极的使用寿命和稳定阴极的电子发射,需对阴极丝进行碳化或渗碳处理。阴极丝外表经过碳化处理后其熔点、硬度大大提高,从而阴极在工作时承受高温冲击及强电场正离子轰击的能力加强。另外,碳化层结构在阴极的工作温度就能使二氧化钍还原,产生足够的活泼性钍原子,使阴极激活。前者使阴极使用期延长,后者稳定了阴极的电子发射,并使阴极无需闪炼,简化了使用手续。碳化阴极的外表碳化层在工作过程中逐渐分解蒸发减薄,显然碳化层厚度及沿轴向
Introduction In order to prolong the service life of high-power launch tube thorium tungsten cathode and stabilize the cathode electron emission, the cathode wire need to be carbonized or carburized. The appearance of the cathode wire after carbonization melting point, the hardness greatly increased, so the cathode withstand high temperature impact at work and the strong electric field bombardment ability. In addition, the carbonized layer structure at the working temperature of the cathode can make thorium dioxide reduction, produce enough active thorium atoms, the cathode activation. The former prolongs the life of the cathode, which stabilizes the cathode electron emission and eliminates the need for flashing of the cathode, simplifying the use procedure. The appearance of carbonized cathode carbonization layer in the process of decomposition gradually evaporate thinning, it is clear that the carbonized layer thickness and along the axial